RESEARCH REGARDING THE GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND FRUITING PROCESSES OF SOME ROOTSTOCK-SCION COMBINATIONS IN A HIGH DENSITY APPLE ORCHARD, IN NORTHERN TRANSYLVANIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1199/e4dnt928Keywords:
high density orchard, rootstock, variety, yield, trunk cross sectional areaAbstract
Researches have been effectuated in a high density apple orchard (1666 trees/ha) located in Northern Transylvania at FRDS Bistrita, in a highland area called “Bistrita hills” established in the year 2001 with apple varieties resistant to scab (Venturia inaequalis), Florina and Generos, grafted on rootstock M26 conduced as slender spindle training system. The registering and analysing of data focused on two main time periods: early development stage of young orchard in the first 7 years, during 2001-2008 and the full maturity stage during 2019-2021. In the 20 years lifespan of the orchard at both cultivars there have been registered a positive fructification tendency starting with the first years, thus at Florina was 3.56- 56.85 to/ha registered and at Generos 5.79-51.07 to/ha. Growth characteristics evaluated by the trunk cross sectional area indicator showed increased values at Florina/ M26 combination at the full development of trees in 2021 (143.36 cm 2) when compared with Generos/M26 variant (126.25 cm2). Productivity index showed higher values in early stage during 2003- 2008 at Florina (0.20-0.93) and at Generos (0.38-0.73) while at maturity during 2019-2021 at Florina ranging 0.15-0.26 and at Generos 0.14-0.26, growth and production beeing more equilibrated. Growth and yield capacity of trees was influenced in the period 2001-2021 beside the fruit growing technology also by the evolution of climatic factors (drought, hail falling, negative temperatures during blossom).References
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