GENETIC VARIABILITY WITHIN THE BAZNA AND RED MANGALITSA BREEDS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1199/rfqkrt22Keywords:
Bazna, Red Mangalitsa, mitochondrial DNA, SNP polymorphisms, genetic diversityAbstract
The objective of this study is to determine genetic variability, within two indigenous swine breeds, Bazna and Red Mangalitsa. The biological samples were collected under sterile conditions from a number of 12 pigs from the red Mangalitsa breed and 15 pigs from the Bazna breed. It seems that at the mitochondrial DNA level, the genetic background on the maternal line of the Mangalitsa breed is European, arguing the formation of this breed on the territory of Europe. At the level of mitochondrial DNA, genetic diversity is reduced, thus having a high degree of inbreeding both within the Red Mangalitsa variety breed and within the wild boar. A number of 10 analyzed samples from the Bazna breed were grouped in the European genetic cluster, the other 5 samples being grouped in the Asian cluster (divided into two subclusters), together with the Vietnamese breed. The results of the genetic variability analysis based on SNP polymorphisms indicate that the swine breeds studied form several clusters with composed group of breeds or groups of breeds. We could conclude that the Mangalița breed of swine, the red variety, raised in the mother nucleus at RDSA Turda, presents a reduced genetic diversity at the level of mitochondrial DNA. On the other hand, the Bazna swine breed bred in the maternal nucleus from RDSA Turda, presents a fairly high genetic diversity at the level of mitochondrial DNA, which confirms the existence of a large number of maternal lines in this population.References
Boettcher, P.J.; Hoffmann, I.; Baumung, R.; Drucker, A.G.; McManus, C.; Berg, P.; Stella, A.; Nilsen, L.B.; Moran, D.; Naves, M.; et al. Genetic resources and genomics for adaptation of livestock to climate change., 2015, Front. Genet., 5, 461
Dadousis, C.; Muñoz, M.; Óvilo, C.; Fabbri, M.C.; Araújo, J.P.; Bovo, S.; Potokar, M.Č.; Charneca, R.; Crovetti, A.; Gallo, M.; et al. Admixture and breed traceability in European indigenous pig breeds and wild boar using genome- wide SNP data. Sci. Rep. 2022, 12, 7346
Draganescu, C.; Ghita, E.; Nagy, Al. Note on the genetic history of the Romanian Saddleback (Bazna) pig breed conservation nucleus, 2008, Archiva Zootechnica, 11:2, 65-69
Fajardo, V.; González, I.; Martín, I.; Marı´a Rojas,; Hernández, P.E. Garcı´a T., Martín R.,Differentiation of European wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) and domestic swine (Sus scrofa domestica) meats by PCR analysis targeting the mitochondrial D-loop and the nuclear melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) genes, 2008, Meat Science, Volume 78, Issue 3,Pages 314-322
Fries, R. & Durstewitz, G. Digital DNA signatures for animal tagging, 2001, Nat. Biotechnol, 19, 508–508
Garcia-Gudino, J.; Blanco-Penedo, I.; Gispert, M.; Brun, A.; Perea, J.; Font, I.F.M. Understanding consumers’ perceptions towards Iberian pig production and animal welfare, Meat Sci. 2021, 172, 108317
Girish, P.S.; Anjaneyulu, A.S.R.; Viswas, K.N.; Anand, M.; Rajkumar, N.; Shivakumar, B.M.; Sharma Bhaskar. Sequence analysis of mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene can identify meat species, 2004, Meat Science,Volume 66, Issue 3,Pages 551-556
Huang, M.; Yang, B.; Chen, H.; Zhang, H.; Wu, Z.; Ai, H.; Ren, J.; Huang, L. The fine-scale genetic structure and selection signals of Chinese indigenous pigs. Evol. Appl. 2020, 13, 458–475
Larson, G.; Dobney, K.; Albarella, U.; Fang, M.; Matisoo-Smith, E.; Robins, J.; Lowden, S.; Finlayson, H.; Brand, T.; Willerslev, E.; et al. Worldwide phylogeography of wild boar reveals multiple centers of pig domestication. Science 2005, 307, 1618–1621
Lukic´, B.; Ferencˇakovic´, M.; Šalamon, D.; Cˇ acˇic´, M.; Orehovacˇki, V.; Iacolina, L.; Curik, I.; Cubric-Curik, V. Conservation genomic analysis of the croatian indigenous black Slavonian and Turopolje pig breeds. Front. Gen. 2020, 11, 261
Moritz, C.; Dowling, T. E.; Brown, W. M. Evolution of animal mitochondrial DNA: relevance for population biology and systematics, 1987, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 18:1, 269-292
Notter, D.R. The importance of genetic diversity in livestock populations of the future, 1999, Journal of Animal Science, Volume 77, Issue 1, Pages 61–69, https://doi.org/10.2527/1999.77161x
Oroian, I. G.; Petrescu-Mag, I. V.,Porcine Research; 2014, Cluj-Napoca Vol. 4, Iss. 1, 19-21
Picardy, J. A.; Pietrosemoli, S.; Griffin, T. S. & Peters, C. J. Niche pork: Comparing pig performance and understanding producer benefits, barriers and labeling interest., 2019, Renew. Agric. Food Syst. 34, 7–19
Rauw, W.M.; Rydhmer, L.; Kyriazakis, I.; Overland, M.; Gilbert, H.; Dekkers, J.C.M.; Hermesch, S.; Bouquet, A.; Izquierdo, E.G.; Louveau, I. and Gomez-Raya, L. Prospects for sustainability of pig production in relation to climate change and novel feed resources, 2020, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 100: 3575-3586. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.10338
SanCristobal, M.; Chevalet, C.; Haley, C. S.; Joosten, R.; Rattink, A. P.; Harlizius, M. A. M. et al. Genetic diversity within and between European pig breeds using microsatellite markers, 2006, Anim. Genet. 37, 189–198. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2005.01385.x
Zahan, M. Conservarea resurselor genetice in zootehnie, 2017, Ed. Accent, pp 13-15
Zorc, M.; Škorput, D.; Gvozdanović, K.; Margeta, P.; Karolyi, D.; Luković, Z.; Salajpal, K.; Savić, R.; Muñoz, M.; Bovo, S.; Djurkin-Kušec, I.; Radović, Č.; Kušec, G.; Čandek-Potokar, M.; Dovč, P. Genetic diversity and population structure of six autochthonous pig breeds from Croatia, Serbia, and Slovenia, 2022, Genetics Selection Evolution, 54, 30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12711-022-00718-6
